“From the Halls of Montezuma, To the shores of Tripoli, We fight our
country’s battles, In the air, on land, and sea.” So opens the official
hymn of the United States Marine Corps, and it covers the great scope of
the American military. The Marines in particular find themselves
fighting in all domains, with the Air Force, Army, and Navy each getting
their fair share of air, land, and see. Yet as war evolves, and as the
military looks to the future of combat, there are places it hasn’t yet
fought. The Pentagon wants ideas on how to fight a war in megacities and
caves. And they want to know by next week.
Megacities are a relatively new phenomenon. When the Marines stormed
the Halls of Montezuma in 1847, the entire population of the United
States was just over 20 million. Today, 20 million people live in or
around Mexico City itself. Underground transit systems are also pretty
new. While Union and Confederate troops were fighting at the Battle of
Arkansas Post, London’s Metropolitan Railway began operation for the
first time. Today, there are at least 148 underground transit systems
in cities across the world, and with them, lots and lots of tunnels and
alternative routes through cities. Fighting a war in the future may
mean fighting in a giant city, and it may mean fighting literally
underground.
From the Pentagon's solicitation:
As the world's population grows, the probability of the U.S. needing to conduct combat and humanitarian assistance / disaster relief (HA/DR) operations within a megacity (defined as a city with more than 10 million residents) also grows. The number of megacities, which can contain vast subterranean structures, is growing rapidly from 23 in 2014 to an expected 37 in 2025. As developing countries struggle to keep up with infrastructure and resource requirements, population stressors, poverty, and instability within the cities become increasingly likely thus resulting in military operations to stabilize and restore peace.
How does the Pentagon want to master battles in these
fronts? Through technology, of course. They’re soliciting technology
demonstrations in five different categories for an exercise later this
summer. Here are the categories:
- Sensors for intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance in confined space and GPS-degraded (subterranean and dense urban) environments; situational awareness and data collection in GPS-degraded environments.
- Communications in GPS-degraded environments, to include dense urban and subterranean; multichannel, ad-hoc, self-forming and mesh networks are desirable.
- Position, navigation and timing in GPS-degraded/confined space environments, tracking and accountability in confined space; automated and/or autonomous mapping systems.
- Personal protective equipment, life support and air quality monitoring and detection in confined spaces; Emergency medical sensors for vitals monitoring with communications backbone in GPS-degraded environments; UAV/UAS for medical resupply and evacuation; life support for field medical monitoring and pain control in confined spaces.
- Military Information Support Operations in expansive, interwoven, and diverse population centers.
Essentially, the military wants to make sure it can still scout,
talk, navigate, survive, and work with locals wherever they go. That may
mean everything from robot scouts on tethers for exploring old tunnels,
to automated translation devices for conversations in multiple
languages.
